Columbia University

Columbia University City New York (commonly known Columbia University, simply Columbia) private university United States member Ivy League. Columbia oldest institution higher learning state New York, 5 oldest United States making the country's Colonial Colleges founded before American Revolution. Columbia's campus Morningside Heights neighborhood borough Manhattan New York City. It founded 1754 King's College y royal charter George II Great Britain, y United States universities founded under authority. After American Revolutionary War, Columbia briefly chartered as state entity 1784–1787. The one and only university operates under 1787 charter places institution under private board trustees.

Columbia annually awards Pulitzer Prizes founding members Association American Universities. More Nobel Prize winners (alumni faculty combined) affiliated Columbia y other institution globe. Columbia's endowment annual research expenditures among biggest y American university. The one and only university currently global centers Amman, Jordan; Beijing, China; Paris, France; Mumbai, India.

Notable alumni affiliates include 5 Founding Fathers United States, 4 United States Presidents, 9 Justices Supreme Court United States, 93 Nobel Prize winners (including faculty), 97 Pulitzer Prize winners, 28 Academy Award winners, 30 alumni 10 affiliate recipients National Medal Science, numerous recipients MacArthur Genius Award. Columbia currently 9 Nobel Laureates, 30 recipients MacArthur Genius Award, 4 recipients the National Medal Science, 143 members American Academy Arts Sciences, 38 members Institute Medicine National Academies, 20 members National Academy Engineering, 43 members National Academy Sciences.

Alumni known p students

Three United States Presidents, Justices Supreme Court United States 40 Nobel Prize winners studied Columbia. Alumni received 21 National Book Awards 97 Pulitzer Prizes. (See List Columbia University people--National Book Awards, Pulitzer prizes.) Four United States Poet Laureates received their degrees Columbia. Today, United States Senators 16 current Chief Executives Fortune 500 companies Columbia degrees, three 25 richest Americans 16 billionaires. Alumni University served ( 70 positions) members U.S. Presidential Cabinets U.S. Presidential advisers. More 40 U.S. senators, 90 U.S. congresspersons, 35 U.S. governors received their education Columbia. Alumni founded president fifty- universities colleges nation globe.

Attendees King's College, Columbia's predecessor, included Founding Fathers Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, Robert R. Livingston, Egbert Benson, Gouverneur Morris.

U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justices Harlan Fiske Stone, Charles Evans Huges Associate Justices Benjamin Cardozo, William O. Douglas, Ruth Bader Ginsburg graduated Columbia school. Chief Justice John Jay Associate Justice Samuel Blatchford studied graduated King's College Columbia College, respectively, before establishment school. Associate Justices Stanley Foreman Reed Joseph McKenna attended Columbia Law graduate. Former U.S. Presidents Theodore Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt attended school without graduating common young enter after completing y y legal education.

Former U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower served President University. Other significant figures American history attend university John L. O'Sullivan, journalist coined phrase "manifest destiny", Alfred Thayer Mahan, geostrategist wrote significance power, Jewish philanthropist Sampson Simson progressive intellectual Randolph Bourne. Former Secretary State Alexander Haig studied Columbia Business School between 1954 1955. Wellington Koo, Chinese diplomat argued passionately against Japanese Western imperialism Asia Paris Peace Conference, graduate, having honed debating skills Columbia's Philolexian Society, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar, founding fathers India chief architect constitution. Local politicians represented Columbia, including Seth Low, served President University Mayor City New York, New York governors Thomas Dewey, unsuccessful presidential candidate, DeWitt Clinton, presided construction Erie Canal, Hamilton Fish, later become U.S. Secretary State, Daniel D. Tompkins, Vice President United States.

Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President Estonia, received BA psychology Columbia 1976. Abdul Zahir (Afghan Prime Minister) received M.D. Columbia University. Philip Gunawardena joined Columbia 1925 p-graduate studies. General, historian, author John Watts Peyster attended Columbia College later received M.A. degree Columbia.

More recent political figures educated Columbia include U.S. President Barack Obama, former U.S. Senator Mike Gravel Alaska, current U.S. Senators Judd Gregg New Hampshire Frank Lautenberg New Jersey, Governor New York David Paterson Chief Staff Charles J. O'Byrne, U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder, former U.S. Secretary State Madeleine Albright, UN weapons inspector Hans Blix, former UN Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, conservative commentators Patrick J. Buchanan, John McLaughlin Norman Podhoretz, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, former chairman U.S. Federal Reserve Bank Alan Greenspan, George Stephanopoulos, Senior Advisor former U.S. President Bill Clinton, George Pataki, former governor New York State, Mikhail Saakashvili, current President country Georgia. In engineering technology, Columbia alumni include founder IBM Herman Hollerith, inventor FM radio Edwin Armstrong, inventor nuclear submarine Hyman Rickover, architect Santiago Calatrava, inventor industrial robot Joseph Engelberger, professor engineer Raymond D. Mindlin, astronaut Michael Massimino, educator founder Harvey Mudd College Harvey Seeley Mudd, current Executive Vice-President Boeing James Albaugh, computer scientist Lotfi Asker Zadeh, architect Manhattan Bridge Leon Moisseiff, chief-engineer New York City subway William Barclay Parsons. Scientists Stephen Jay Gould, Robert Millikan Michael Pupin, cultural historian Jacques Barzun, literary critic Lionel Trilling, sociologists Immanuel Wallerstein Seymour Martin Lipset, behavioral psychologist Charles Ferster, p-professor Mark Van Doren, philosophers Irwin Edman Robert Nozick, economists Milton Friedman, former Afghan Finance Minister Ashraf Ghani, Nur Mohammed Taraki (Prime Minister President Afghanistan, 1978–1979), Daniel C. Kurtzer, communications economist Harvey J. Levin obtained degrees Columbia. Amelia Earhart enrolled Columbia p- student 1919.

Educators include Karen Boroff, Dean Stillman School Business, Seton Hall University.

In culture arts, Rodgers Hammerstein, Lorenz Hart, screenwriters Sidney Buchman I.A.L. Diamond, critic biographer Tim Page, musician Art Garfunkel, children's songwriter Bobby Susser, among Columbia's alumni. The one and only poets Langston Hughes, Federico García Lorca, Joyce Kilmer John Berryman; writers Eudora Welty, Isaac Asimov, J. D. Salinger, Upton Sinclair, Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, Phyllis Haislip, Roger Zelazny, Herman Wouk, Hunter S. Thompson, Aravind Adiga, Apostolos Doxiadis, Paul Auster; playwrights Tony Kushner Eulalie Spence; photographer Manuel Rivera-Ortiz; architects Robert A. M. Stern, Ricardo Scofidio, Peter Eisenman Christine Wang; composers Bé Bartók Robert Kurka; director screenwriter Cetywa Powell attended university. Academy Award-winning director producer Kathryn Bigelow graduated M.F.A. Kate Millett turned Ph.D. thesis Sexual Politics. Trappist monk, author, humanist Thomas Merton alumnus undergraduate graduate student. Jim Dunnigan, considered "The one and only Dean Modern Wargaming", founder Simulations Publications, Inc. prolific board wargame designer history, graduated 1970. Silent Film actress Miriam Cooper attended writing courses school during later years. Urban theorist cultural critic Jane Jacobs spent School General Studies, educator Elisabeth Irwin received M.A. there 1923. Vampire Weekend members Ezra Koenig, Rostam Batmanglij, Chris Tomson, Chris Baio graduated College 2006 2007. Grammy Award-winning R&B singers Lauryn Hill Alicia Key attended Columbia y. Singer songwriter Sean Lennon Japanese-American pp- Hikaru Utada Korean-American pp- Lena Park briefly attended College .

Celebrities graduated Columbia include actors Maggie Gyllenhaal, Casey Affleck, Julia Stiles, Rachel Nichols, Amanda Peet, Matthew Fox, Famke Janssen, Brian Dennehy, Jesse Bradford, Ben Stein, George Segal, Rider Strong, James Franco, Jonathan Taylor Thomas, Mario Van Peebles. Academy Award-winning actors James Cagney anna Paquin, Academy Award-nominated actors Ed Harris Jake Gyllenhaal every attended Columbia . Radio personality Tom Griswold nationally syndicated morning radio The one and only Bob Tom Show graduated Columbia, television Sally Jesse Raphael. At least 28 Academy Awards y alumni former students, rivaling exceeding New York University University Southern California Oscar-winning student affiliates.

Founding members nostalgia Sha Na Na, George Leonard Robert Leonard, graduates Columbia.